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Quality Carbon Structure Steel

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Overview

Quality carbon structure steelย is a type of carbon steel with a carbon content of less than 0.8%. It contains lower levels of sulfur, phosphorus, and non-metallic inclusions compared to ordinary carbon structural steel. This type of steel offers superior mechanical properties, making it an important material for manufacturing mechanical parts and engineering structures.

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Characteristics

  • Quality carbon structure steel offers high strength and toughness, capable of withstanding significant stress and impact.
  • It exhibits excellent plasticity during both hot and cold processing, suitable for various forging, stamping, and rolling processes.
  • Easy to handle during welding with high-quality weld seams, suitable for various welding methods such as arc welding, gas welding, and resistance welding.
  • Maintains good performance in friction and wear environments, ideal for manufacturing wear-resistant parts.
  • More cost-effective compared to alloy steel, readily available, making it an economical and practical material.

Example: GB 45#

Tensile Strength: 600-735 MPa

Yield Strength: 355 MPa

Elongation: 14%

Hardness: 197-217 HB

Cold Bending Performance: Bending diameter is twice the material thickness

Carbon Equivalent (Ceq): โ‰ˆ0.45% (preheating and post-weld heat treatment required)

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Production Process

  • Raw Material Selection:The production of Quality Carbon Structural Steel begins with selecting high-quality raw materials, primarily iron ore and scrap steel. These materials are chosen based on their chemical composition and purity to ensure the final product meets stringent quality standards.

 

  • IronMaking:ย In the ironย making process, raw materials are converted into molten iron in a blast furnace. The blast furnace uses a combination of coke, limestone, and air to reduce iron ore to molten iron. This step is crucial as it forms the base material for further processing.

 

  • SteelMaking:ย The molten iron from the blast furnace is transferred to a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) or an electric arc furnace (EAF) for steelย  In the BOF process, pure oxygen is blown into the molten iron to remove impurities like carbon, silicon, and manganese. In the EAF process, electric arcs are used to melt scrap steel and adjust the chemical composition.

 

  • Secondary Refining:After initial steelย making, the molten steel undergoes secondary refining to fine-tune its composition and temperature. This step includes processes like ladle furnace refining, vacuum degassing, and alloying. These processes ensure precise control of the steel’s chemical composition and improve its overall quality.

 

  • Continuous Casting:The refined molten steel is then cast into semi-finished products through continuous casting. In this process, the molten steel is poured into molds where it solidifies into billets, blooms, or slabs. Continuous casting is efficient and reduces the need for further re-heating.

 

  • Hot Rolling:The semi-finished products from continuous casting are heated and passed through rolling mills to reduce their thickness and shape them into desired forms such as plates, bars, or sections. Hot rolling improves the steelโ€™s mechanical properties and ensures uniformity in dimensions.

 

  • Heat Treatment:Depending on the specific requirements of the Quality Carbon Structural Steel, it may undergo heat treatment processes such as annealing, quenching, and tempering. These treatments enhance the steelโ€™s mechanical properties, including hardness, strength, and ductility.

 

  • Surface Finishing:After rolling and heat treatment, the steel undergoes surface finishing processes to improve its surface quality. This can include processes like pickling, polishing, and coating to remove scale, enhance appearance, and protect against corrosion.

 

  • Quality Inspection:The final step involves rigorous quality inspection to ensure the steel meets all specified standards. This includes testing for chemical composition, mechanical properties, and surface defects. Only steel that passes these inspections is approved for shipment.

 

  • Packaging and Delivery:The approved steel products are then packaged to protect them during transportation and handling. Packaging methods include wrapping, bundling, or boxing, depending on the type of product and customer requirements.

Applications

  • Construction Structures:

High-strength structural components:ย Such as beams, columns, and trusses in high-rise buildings.

Bridges:ย Used for manufacturing load-bearing components of bridges, such as main beams and suspension cables.

 

  • Mechanical Manufacturing:

High-strength mechanical parts:ย Such as drive shafts, gears, connecting rods, and cams.

Machine tool parts:ย Such as spindles and guide rails that require high hardness and wear resistance.

 

 

  • Vehicle Manufacturing:

Automobile parts:ย Such as crankshafts, camshafts, connecting rods, gears, and drive shafts.

Railways and shipbuilding:ย Load-bearing components for car bodies and ship hulls, as well as tracks and chains.

 

  • Pressure Vessels:

High-pressure boilers:ย Suitable for manufacturing high-pressure boilers and other equipment that needs to withstand high pressure.

Storage tanks and pipelines:ย Used for manufacturing containers and pipelines that store high-pressure gases or liquids, ensuring safety and durability under high pressure.

Common Sizes

  • Sheet and Plate:

Thickness: 0.5mm – 200mm

Width: 600mm – 2500mm

Length: 2000mm – 12000mm

  • Bar:

Diameter: ฯ†16-190mm

Length 4-12m

Chemical Composition

Chemical Compositionย 

Quality Carbon Structure Steel
Carbon Steel
NO. Grade Chemical Composition (Mass Fraction) /%
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu
โ‰ค
1 45 0.42-0.50 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
2 50 0.47-0.55 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
3 55 0.52-0.60 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
4 60 0.57-0.65 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
5 65 0.62-0.70 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
6 70 0.67-0.75 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
7 75 0.72-0.80 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
8 80 0.77-0.85 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
9 85 0.82-0.90 0.17-0.37 0.50-0.80 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
10 15 Mn 0.12-0.18 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
11 20 Mn 0.17-0.23 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
12 25 Mn 0.22-0.29 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
Quality Carbon Structure Steel
Low Alloy High Strength Steel
NO. Grade Chemical Composition (Mass Fraction) /%
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu2
โ‰ค
13 30 Mn 0.27-0.34 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
14 35 Mn 0.32-0.39 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
15 40 Mn 0.37-0.44 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
16 45 Mn 0.42-0.50 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
17 50 Mn 0.48-0.56 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
18 60 Mn 0.57-0.65 0.17-0.37 0.70-1.00 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
19 65 Mn 0.62-0.70 0.17-0.37 0.90-1.20 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25
20 70 Mn 0.67-0.75 0.17-0.37 0.90-1.20 0.035 0.035 0.25 0.30 0.25

Comparison Table of Steel Grades by Countryย 

Quality Carbon Structure Steel
Carbon Steel
GB ISO AISI ASTM EN DIN JIS
45 C45E / ISO 683-1 1045 1045/A29 C45E/

EN 10083-2

 C45/1.1191 S45C
50 C50E / ISO 683-1 1050 1050/A29 C50E/

EN 10083-2

 C50/1.1206 S50C
55 C55E / ISO 683-1 1055 1055/A29 C55E/

EN 10083-2

 C55/1.1203 S55C
60 C60E / ISO 683-1 1060 1060/A29 C60E/

EN 10083-2

 C60/1.1221 S58C
65 C65E / ISO 683-1 1065 1065/A29 C67E/

EN 10083-2

 C67/1.1248 S65C
70 C70E / ISO 683-1 1070 1070/A29 C70E/

EN 10083-2

 C70/1.1231 S70C
75 – 1075 1075/A29 C75E/

EN 10083-2

 C75/1.1248 S75C
80 – 1080 1080/A29 C80E/

EN 10083-2

 C80/1.1223 S80C
85 – 1085 1085/A29 C85E/

EN 10083-2

 C85/1.1269 S85C

ย 

ย 

Quality Carbon Structure Steel
Low Alloy High Strength Steel
GB ISO AISI ASTM EN DIN JIS
15Mn 15Mn – 1019/A29 15MnCr 15Mn S15Mn
20Mn 20Mn – A29/A29M 20MnCr 20Mn S20Mn
25Mn 25Mn – A29/A29M 25MnCr 25Mn S25Mn
30Mn 30Mn – A29/A29M 30MnCr 30Mn S30Mn
35Mn 35Mn4 1335 A29/A29M 35MnCr 35Mn S35CM
40Mn 40Mn – 1043/A29 40MnCr 40Mn S40Mn
45Mn 45Mn – 1046/A29 45MnCr 45Mn S45Mn
50Mn 50Mn – A29/A29M 50MnCr 50Mn S50Mn
60Mn 60Mn – A29/A29M 60MnCr 60Mn S60Mn
65Mn 65Mn – 1065/A29 65MnCr 65Mn S65Mn
70Mn 70Mn – A29/A29M 70MnCr 70Mn S70Mn

 

Comparison Table of Steel Grades by Country

Quality Carbon Structure Steel
Carbon Steel
GB ISO AISI ASTM EN DIN JIS
45 C45E / ISO 683-1 1045 1045/A29 C45E/

EN 10083-2

 C45/1.1191 S45C
50 C50E / ISO 683-1 1050 1050/A29 C50E/

EN 10083-2

 C50/1.1206 S50C
55 C55E / ISO 683-1 1055 1055/A29 C55E/

EN 10083-2

 C55/1.1203 S55C
60 C60E / ISO 683-1 1060 1060/A29 C60E/

EN 10083-2

 C60/1.1221 S58C
65 C65E / ISO 683-1 1065 1065/A29 C67E/

EN 10083-2

 C67/1.1248 S65C
70 C70E / ISO 683-1 1070 1070/A29 C70E/

EN 10083-2

 C70/1.1231 S70C
75 – 1075 1075/A29 C75E/

EN 10083-2

 C75/1.1248 S75C
80 – 1080 1080/A29 C80E/

EN 10083-2

 C80/1.1223 S80C
85 – 1085 1085/A29 C85E/

EN 10083-2

 C85/1.1269 S85C

ย 

ย 

Quality Carbon Structure Steel
Low Alloy High Strength Steel
GB ISO AISI ASTM EN DIN JIS
15Mn 15Mn – 1019/A29 15MnCr 15Mn S15Mn
20Mn 20Mn – A29/A29M 20MnCr 20Mn S20Mn
25Mn 25Mn – A29/A29M 25MnCr 25Mn S25Mn
30Mn 30Mn – A29/A29M 30MnCr 30Mn S30Mn
35Mn 35Mn4 1335 A29/A29M 35MnCr 35Mn S35CM
40Mn 40Mn – 1043/A29 40MnCr 40Mn S40Mn
45Mn 45Mn – 1046/A29 45MnCr 45Mn S45Mn
50Mn 50Mn – A29/A29M 50MnCr 50Mn S50Mn
60Mn 60Mn – A29/A29M 60MnCr 60Mn S60Mn
65Mn 65Mn – 1065/A29 65MnCr 65Mn S65Mn
70Mn 70Mn – A29/A29M 70MnCr 70Mn S70Mn

 

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